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[Cubic Inch Displacement] - Liter Calculator! LITERS TO CID | Size
of an Engine V12 v10 V-8 v6 Inline 4 .HP. //Performance "Formulas"
(Conversion Charts) Engines// Models Model Autos Cars Trucks Boats
Airplanes Displacment Calculator::.. cubic inches 'cubic' centimeters
conversion Gear Turbo Supercharger powercalc Report technology
Mathematical Unit-Conversion-Calculators
Useful Formulas - Conversion Charts
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Formulas |
Predicting Power
- BHP = PLAN/33,000
- P is brake mean effective pressure, in PSI
- L is piston stroke, in feet
- A is the area of one piston, in square inches
- N is the number of power strokes per minute
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Piston Speed
- Cm = .166 x L x N
- Cm is mean piston speed, in feet per minute
- L is stroke, in inches
- N is crankshaft speed, in RPM
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Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP)
- 2-Stroke BMEP = (HP x 6500)/(L x RPM)
- 4-Stroke BMEP = (HP x 13000)/(L x RPM)
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L = Displacement in Liters
- i.e., 80 cc = .08 Liters
- 1 ci. = 16.39 cc
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Piston Acceleration
- Gmax = ((N^2 x L)/2189) x (1 + 1/(2A))
- Gmax is maximum piston acceleration, in feet per second squared
- N is crankshaft speed, in RPM
- L is stroke, in inches
- A is the ratio of connecting rod length, between centers, to
stroke
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Piston Stroke Motion
- S = R cos X + L cos Z
- S = the distance piston wrist pin is from center of crankshaft
- R = the radius of the crankshaft wrist pin
- L = the length of the connecting rod
- X = the angle of the wrist pin
- Z = the angle of the connecting rod
- or
- sin X = R/L sin Z
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Piston Travel vs. Crank Rotation
- d = ((S/2) + L) - (S/2 cos X) - L sin[cos-1 (S/2L sin X)]
- S = Stroke (mm)
- L = Connecting Rod Length (mm)
- X = Crank Angle Before or After TDC (deg)
- Note: (L) Rod Length is usually 2 times the (S) Stroke
- OR
- For Spreadsheets and some Calculators
- HT = (r + c) - (r cos (a)) - SQRT(c^2 - (r sin (a))^2)
- r = s/2
- dtor = PI/180
- a = d x dtor
- HT = The height of piston
- r = The stroke divided by 2
- c = The rod length
- a = The crank angle in radians
- d = The crank angle in degrees
- dtor = Degrees to Radians
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Exhaust Systems Tuned Length
- Lt = (Eo x Vs) / N
- Lt is the tuned length, in inches
- Eo is the exhaust-open period, in degrees
- Vs is wave speed in feet per second (1700 ft/sec at sea level)
- N is crankshaft speed, in RPM
- Length of Curved Pipe
- L = R x .01745 x Z
- L is length
- R is radius of the pipe bend
- Z is the angle of the bend
- Diffuser Proportions
- D2 = SQRT( D1^2 x 6.25 )
- D2 is the diffuser outlet diameter
- D1 is the diffuser inlet diameter
- 6.25 is the outlet/inlet ratio constant
- Baffle Cones
- Lr = Le/2
- Lr is mean point of the reflection inside the baffle cone
- Le is the length of the baffle cone
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Port Open Time
- T = ( 60/N ) x ( Z/360 ) or T = Z/( N x 6)
- T is time, in seconds
- N is crankshaft speed, in RPM
- Z is port open duration, in degrees
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Compression Ratio
- CR = ( V1 + V2 ) / V2
- CR is compression ratio
- V1 is cylinder volume at exhaust closing
- V2 is combustion chamber volume
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Carburetor Throttle Bore Diameter
- D = K x SQRT( C x N )
- D is throttle bore diameter, in millimeters
- K is a constant ( approx. 0.65 to 0.9, derive from existing
carburetor bore)
- C is cylinder displacement, in liters
- N is RPM at peak power
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Crankcase Volume
- Primary compression ratio =
- Case Volume @ TDC / Case Volume at BDC
- or
- CRp = V1 + V2 / V1
- CRp is the primary compression ratio
- V1 is crankcase volume @ BDC
- V2 is piston displacement
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Resonance Effects
- F = Vs / 2¼ * the square root of A / Vc (L + 1/2 the square root
of ¼ A
- Vs is the sonic speed Uusually about 1100 ft/sec)
- A is the cross-sectional area of the inlet
- L is the inlet pipe length
- Vc is the flask (crankcase) volume
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Average Exhaust Temperature
- Determine the exhaust gas temperature in Kelvin
- (k = C + 273.15). This is usually a function of the engine's
BMEP.
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Torque
- 1.00 lb-ft = 0.138 kg-m = 1.35 N-m
- 1.00 kg-m = 7.23 lb-ft. = 9.81 N-m
- 1.00 N-m = 0.102 kg-m = 0.737 lb-ft
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Mass
- 1.00 lb = 0.454 kg = 4.45 N
- 1.00 kg = 2.20 lbs = 9.81 N
- 1.00 N = 0.102 kg = 0.220 lb
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Distance
- 1 in = 2.54 cm = 0.0000158 mi = 0.0000254 km
- 1 cm = 0.394 in = 0.00000621 mi = 0.00001 km
- 1 ft = 30.5 cm = 0.000189 mi = .000305 km
- 1 mi = 63,360 in = 160,934.4 cm = 1.609 km
- 1 km = 0.621 mi = 100,000 cm = 3281 ft
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Pressure
- 1.00 bar = 14.5 psi = 1.02 kg/sq-cm = 100 kPa
- 1.00 psi = 0.069 bar = 0.070 kg/sq-cm = 6.89 kPa
- 1.00 kg/sq-cm = 0.980 bar = 14.2 psi = 98.1 kPa
- 1.00 kPa = 0.010 bar = 0.145 psi = 0.010 kg/sq-cm
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Temperature
- F = 9 / 5 x C + 32
- C = 5/9 (F - 32)
- K = C + 273.4
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Area / Volume
- 1.00 sq-in = 6.452 sq-cm
- 1.00 sq-cm= 0.155 sq-in
- 1.00 cu-in = 16.387 cc
- 1.00 cc = 0.0610 cu-in
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Power
- 1.00 HP = 746 W
- torque (lb-ft) = 5252 x hp / rpm
- hp = rpm x torque (lb-ft) / 5252
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The Weight of Air
- 14.7 lbs. per sq. inch at sea level.
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Air Density Calculation
- StdAirDensity = 1.22556 and is defined at 59.0F degrees, 0.0%
humidity, and 29.92 inches on the barometer.
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- Temp_c = (Temp-32.0) * 5.0 / 9.0;
- Temp_k = Temp_c + 273.0;
- Baro_mb = Barometer / (29.92 / 1013.0);
- Baro_pa = Baro_mb * 100.0;
- SaturationPressure_mb = 6.11 *
pow(10,(7.5*Temp_c)/(237.7+Temp_c));
- VaporPressure_mb = Humidity * SaturationPressure_mb / 100.0;
- TempVirtual_k = Temp_k / (1.0 -
(VaporPressure_mb/Baro_mb)*(1.-0.622));
- // D = P/(T*R)
- AirDensity = Baro_pa / (TempVirtual_k*GasConstant);
- % Std Density = AirDensity/StdAirDensity*100
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Additional Conversion Factors |
- 1 Centimeter - 0.0328084 foot; 0.393701 inch
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- 1 Circular Mil - 7.853982 x 10 to the negative seventh square
inches; 5.067075 x 10 to the negative sixth square centimeters
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- 1 Cubic Centimeter - 0.061024 cubic inch; 0.270512 dram (U.S.
fluid); 16.230664 minims (U.S.); 0.999972 milliliter
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- 1 Cubic Foot - 0.803564 bushel (U.S.); 7.480520 gallons (U.S.
liquid); 0.028317 cubic meter; 28.31605 liters
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- 1 Cubic Inch - 16.387064 cubic centimeters
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- 1 Cubic Meter - 35.314667 cubic feet; 264.17205 gallons (U.S.
liquid)
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- 1 Foot - 0.3048 meter
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- 1 Gallon (U.S. liquid) - 0.1336816 cubic foot; 0.832675 gallon
(British); 231 cubic inches; 0.0037854 cubic meter; 3.785306 liters
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- 1 Grain - 0.06479891 gram
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- 1 Gram - 0.00220462 pound (avoirdupois); 0.035274 ounce
(avoirdupois); 15.432358 grains
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- 1 Hectare- 2.471054 acres; 1.07639 x 10 to the fifth square feet
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- 1 Inch - 2.54 centimeters
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- 1 Kilogram - 2.204623 pounds (avoirdupois)
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- 1 Kilometer - 0.621371 mile (statute)
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- 1 Liter - 0.264179 gallon (U.S. liquid);0.0353157 cubic foot;
1.056718 quarts (U.S. liquid)
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- 1 Meter - 1.093613 yards; 3.280840 feet; 39.37008 inches
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- 1 Mile (statute) - 1.609344 kilometers
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- 1 Ounce (U.S. fluid) - 1.804688 cubic inches; 29.573730 cubic
centimeters
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- 1 Ounce (avoirdupois) - 28.349523 grams
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- 1 Ounce (apothecary or troy) - 31.103486 grams
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- 1 Pint (U.S. liquid) - 0.473163 liter; 473.17647 cubic
centimeters
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- 1 Pound (avoirdupois) - 0.453592 kilogram; 453.59237 grams
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- 1 Pound (apothecary or troy) - 0.3732417 kilogram, 373.24172
grams
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- 1 Quart (U.S. dry) - 1.10119 liters
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- 1 Quart (liquid) - 0.946326 liter
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- 1 Radian - 57.295779 degrees
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- 1 Rod - 5.0292 meters
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- 1 Square Centimeter - 0.155000 square inch
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- 1 Square Foot - 0.09290304 square meter
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- 1 Square Inch - 645.16 square millimeters
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- 1 Square Meter - 10.763910 square feet
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- 1 Square Yard - 0.836127 square meter
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- 1 Ton (short) - 907.18474 kilograms
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- 1 Yard - 0.9144 meter
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POWER - AC CIRCUITS
- Efficiency = 746 x Output HP / Input Watts
- 3ø KW = Volts x Amps x PF x 1.732 / 1000
- 3ø Amps = 746 x HP / 1.732 x Eff. x PF
- 3ø Eff. = 746 x HP / 1.732 x Volts x Amps x PF
- 3ø PF = Input Watts / Volts x Amps x 1.732
- 1ø KW = Volts x Amps x PF / 1000
- 1ø Amps = 746 x HP / Volts x Eff. x PF
- 1ø Eff. = 746 x HP / Volts x Amps x PF
- 1ø PF = Input Watts / Volts x Amps
- HP (3ø) = Volts x Amps x 1.732 x Eff. x PF / 746
- HP (1ø) = Volts x Amps x Eff. x PF / 746
- 1 KW = 1000 Watts
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- Eff. = Efficiency, PF = Power Factor, KW = Kilowatts, HP =
Horsepower
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POWER - DC CIRCUITS
Torque = HP x 5280 / RPM
HP = Torque X RPM / 5280
1 HP = 36 lb.in. @ 1750 RPM
1 HP = 3 lb. ft. @ 1750 RPM
Eff. = Efficiency, HP = Horsepower
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OHMS LAW
Volts (E) = Amps (I) x Ohms (R)
Amps (I) = Volts (E) / Ohms (R)
Ohms (R) = Volts (E) / Amps (I)
R=Ohms, E=Volts, I=Amperes
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- To figure miles per hour, multiply the engine RPM by the Wheel
Diameter in inches and divide this by the Gear Ratio times 336
- or
- MPH = RPM * wheel diameter (in inches) / gear ratio * 336
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To figure engine speed (RPM), multiply by the Speed in MPH, by the
rear axle gear ratio times 336. Divide this by the tire diameter in
inches. or
RPM = MPH * gear ratio * 336 / tire diameter |
To calculate the cubic inch displacement of an engine:
Bore x bore x .7854 x stroke x number of cylinders = CID.
Example: (for a 16hp Kohler) 3.75 (bore size) x 3.75 (bore size again)
x .7854 x 3.25 (stroke)= 35.89 CID.
To convert CID into Cubic Centimeters:
Multiply CID by 16.39 = Cubic Centimeters.
Example: 35.9 (CID) x 16.39 = 588 CC.
To convert CC's into Liters:
Multiply the CID by .01639 = Engine Liter Size.
Example: 262 (CID) x .01639 = 4.3 Liter.
- Identification of Most Commonly Used Grades of Bolts -
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No lines or company name/logo only = Grade 3
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3 lines = Grade 5
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6 lines = Grade 8
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Material: Low Carbon Steel.
Tensile Strength: 85,000 p.s.i.
(Low Strength) |
Material: Medium Carbon Steel, Tempered.
Tensile Strength: 120,000 p.s.i.
(Medium Strength) |
Material: Medium Carbon Alloy Steel, Quenched and
Tempered.
Tensile Strength: 150,000 p.s.i.
(High Strength) |
Fractions, Decimals and Metric Equivalents
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Fraction | Decimal | MM | Fraction | Decimal | MM
-----------------------------+-----------------------------
1/64" = .015" = .396 | 33/64" = .516" = 13.096
1/32" = .031" = .795 | 17/64" = .531" = 13.495
3/64" = .047" = 1.191 | 35/64" = .547" = 13.891
1/16" = .063" = 1.588 | 9/16" = .563" = 14.288
5/64" = .078" = 1.984 | 37/64" = .578" = 14.684
3/32" = .094" = 2.383 | 19/32" = .594" = 15.083
7/64" = .109" = 2.779 | 39/64" = .609" = 15.479
1/8" = .125" = 3.175 | 5/8" = .625" = 15.875
9/64" = .141" = 3.571 | 41/64" = .641" = 16.271
5/32" = .156" = 3.970 | 21/32" = .656" = 16.670
11/64" = .172" = 4.366 | 43/64" = .672" = 17.066
3/16" = .188" = 4.763 | 11/16" = .688" = 17.463
13/64" = .203" = 5.159 | 45/64" = .703" = 17.859
7/32" = .219" = 5.558 | 23/32" = .719" = 18.254
15/64" = .234" = 5.954 | 47/64" = .734" = 18.654
1/4" = .250" = 6.350 | 3/4" = .750" = 19.050
17/64" = .266" = 6.746 | 49/64" = .766" = 19.446
9/32" = .281" = 7.145 | 25/32" = .781" = 19.845
19/64" = .297" = 7.541 | 51/64" = .797" = 20.241
5/16" = .313" = 7.938 | 13/16" = .813" = 20.638
21/64" = .328" = 8.334 | 53/64" = .828" = 21.034
11/32" = .344" = 8.733 | 27/32" = .844" = 21.433
23/64" = .359" = 9.129 | 55/64" = .859" = 21.821
3/8" = .375" = 9.525 | 7/8" = .875" = 22.225
25/64" = .391" = 9.921 | 57/64" = .891" = 22.621
13/32" = .406" = 10.320 | 29/32" = .906" = 23.020
27/64" = .421" = 10.716 | 59/64" = .922" = 23.416
7/16" = .438" = 11.113 | 15/16" = .938" = 23.813
29/64" = .453" = 11.509 | 61/64" = .953" = 24.209
15/32" = .469" = 11.908 | 31/32" = .969" = 24.608
31/64" = .484" = 12.304 | 63/64" = .984" = 25.004
1/2" = .500" = 12.700 | 1" = 1.000" = 25.400
Metric Equivalents to Decimals of an Inch
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Decimals of | Decimals of | Decimals of
MM an inch | MM an inch | MM an inch
--------------------+-----------------------+----------------------
.1 = .00394 | 1. = .03937 | 15. = .59055
.2 = .00787 | 2. = .07874 | 16. = .62992
.3 = .01181 | 3. = .11811 | 17. = .66929
.4 = .01575 | 4. = .15748 | 18. = .70866
.5 = .01968 | 5. = .19685 | 19. = .74803
.6 = .02362 | 6. = .23622 | 20. = .78740
.7 = .02756 | 7. = .27559 | 21. = .82677
.8 = .03149 | 8. = .32496 | 22. = .86614
.9 = .03543 | 9. = .35433 | 23. = .90551
10. = .39370 | 12.7 = .5 | 24. = .94488
11. = .43307 | 13. = .51181 | 25. = .98425
12. = .47244 | 14. = .55118 | 25.4 = 1.inch
MM To Inch Equivalent
| 1 mm = .039 in. |
8 mm = .315 in. |
15 mm = .590 in. |
22 mm = .866 in. |
| 2 mm = .079 in. |
9 mm = .354 in. |
16 mm = .630 in. |
23 mm = .905 in. |
| 3 mm = .118 in. |
10 mm = .394 in. |
17 mm = .669 in. |
24 mm = .944 in. |
| 4 mm = .157 in. |
11 mm = .433 in. |
18 mm = .709 in. |
25 mm = .984 in. |
| 5 mm = .197 in. |
12 mm = .472 in. |
19 mm = .748 in. |
25.4 mm = 1 in. |
| 6 mm = .236 in. |
13 mm = .512 in. |
20 mm = .787 in. |
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| 7 mm = .276 in. |
14 mm = .551 in. |
21 mm = .827 in. |
Calculators
32 points of a compass = 360 degrees 1 point of a compass = 11.25
degrees
To convert degrees C. to degrees F., multiply by 9, divide by 5 and add 32
To convert degrees F. to degrees C., deduct 32, multiply by 5 and divide
by 9
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
1 foot (U.S.) = .3048 meters = 1 British foot
1 kilometer = 3,280.8399 feet = .5399568 nm
Statute mile = 5,280 ft = 1.609 km = .869 nm
Nautical mile = 1.15 stat miles = 1,852 m = 6,076.12 ft = about 2,000 yds
(1 minute of latitude)
Length of 1 minute of latitude at equator = approximately 6,046 ft
Length of 1 minute of latitude at poles = approximately 6,108 ft
Knot = 1 nm/hr = 1.15 mph = 1.852 km/hr
Fathom = 6 ft = 1.829 m
Cable = 720 feet = 120 fathoms
Cable (British) = .1 nm
7.5 cables = 1 statute mile
8.44 cables = 1 nm
Charts - nautical miles per inch = reciprocal of natural scale/72,913.39
Charts - statute miles per inch = reciprocal of natural scale/63,360
Charts - inches per nm = 72,913.39 x natural scale
Charts - inches per sm = 63,360 x natural scale
Charts - natural scale = 1:72,913.39 x nm/inch
Charts - natural scale = 1:63,360 x sm/inch
Std. atmospheric pressure at sea level = 29.92126 inches of mercury
millibar = .02952998 inches of mercury
millimeter of mercury = 1.3332237 millibars
register ton = 100 cubic feet
measurement ton = 40 cubic feet = 1 freight ton
1 barrel (42 gals) of diesel fuel = 315 pounds
1 gallon of engine motor oil = 7.3 pounds
1 cubic foot = 7.481 gals of water
cubic foot of seawater = 64 lbs
cubic foot of freshwater = 62.428 lbs @39.2 degrees F. (temp. of max.
density)
1 cubic foot of normal storage ice = 62 lbs
Speed of sound is approximately 1,117 feet per second
Approximate distance (nm) of a flash of light to resulting sound = elapsed
time divided by 5.5
1 displacement ton = 35 cubic feet of seawater = 1 long ton
1 ton of freshwater=35.84 cubic feet |
